Fundamentals of successful monitoring, reporting, and verification under a cap-and-trade program.

Measuring Soil Carbon Under Cap-and-Trade: Accurate, Affordable Field Verification Using Veris Spectroscopic Sensors

Measuring changes in soil carbon levels is a difficult task. Uncertainty about soil carbon measurement, monitoring, and verification is affecting agriculture’s role as an offset provider under a cap-and-trade program. There is ample evidence that skepticism is warranted. Soil carbon varies significantly at short distances—the carbon difference between samples collected within a meter can easily...

Foreign Investment as Main Factor for Successful Funds and Its Effect on Trade Balance Strategic Technology Adoption under Technological Uncertainty

To trade or not to trade? Criteria for applying cap and trade.

The use of emissions trading (cap and trade) is gaining worldwide recognition as an extremely effective policy tool. The U.S. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions Trading Program has achieved an unprecedented level of environmental protection in a cost-effective manner. The successful results of the program have led domestic and foreign governments to consider the application of cap and trade to addr...

Motivation Matters: Lessons for REDD+ Participatory Measurement, Reporting and Verification from Three Decades of Child Health Participatory Monitoring in Indonesia

Participatory Measurement, Reporting and Verification (PMRV), in the context of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation with its co-benefits (REDD+) requires sustained monitoring and reporting by community members. This requirement appears challenging and has yet to be achieved. Other successful, long established, community self-monitoring and reporting systems may provide ...

Emissions trading in China : emerging experiences and international lessons

China has implemented emissions trading schemes in seven cities and provinces, and is planning a national cap-and-trade scheme. The seven pilot schemes show marked differences in design and operate in very diverse economic circumstances. Challenges encountered in the pilot schemes include the risk of over-allocation of emissions permits, unpredictable underlying growth trends, robust measuremen...